Wealth or health? Haze pollution, intergenerational migration experience and settlement intentions of rural migrant workers
Abstract: This study employs the haze data and micro-level data from China Migrant Data Survey to examine the relations of haze pollution, intergenerational migration experience and settlement intentions of rural migrant workers. We identify that there is an inverted-U relationship between haze pollution on rural migrant workers’ settlement intention; the threshold for this inverted U-shaped relationship is 31; migrants are more likely to settle while haze pollution grows below the threshold; but they are more likely to leave while haze pollution increases above the threshold. Further, this study finds that intergenerational migration experience increases individual’s perception of haze pollution. The results show that the impact of haze pollution on settlement intention of first-time rural migrant workers and those whose parents do not have migration experience is not significant. But the inverted U-shape effect remains significant for individuals with multiple migration experience and those whose parents have migration experience. Finally, compared to migration experience of father, that of mother exerts a more significant impact on individual’s perception of haze.
Keywords: Haze pollution; Rural migrant workers; Migration experience; Perception of pollution; Settlement intention in cities
摘要：本研究利用雾霾数据和中国流动人口动态监测调查数据，考察了雾霾污染、代际迁移经历和农村流动人口定居意愿之间的关系。我们发现，雾霾污染与农村流动人口定居意愿之间存在倒“U ”型关系，该倒“U”型关系的临界值为31；一方面，当雾霾污染低于临界值时，经济收益（工资）大于潜在的健康损失（雾霾污染的危害），随着雾霾的增加，农村流动人口会继续在目的地城市定居；另一方面，一旦雾霾污染超过临界值，经济收益就会低于潜在的健康损失，随着雾霾的加剧，农村流动人口更有可能离开当前的目的地城市。此外，本研究还发现，农村流动人口的自身迁移经历与代际迁移经历会增加其对雾霾污染的感知。结果表明，雾霾污染对首次外出务工和父母没有迁移经历的农村流动人口的定居意向影响不显著，但倒“U”型效应对于有多次迁移经历的个体和父母有迁移经历的个体仍然显著存在。最后，与父亲的迁移经历相比，母亲的迁移经历对子女的雾霾污染感知的影响更显著。
关键词：雾霾污染，农村流动人口，迁移经历，污染感知，城市定居意向
来源：
Journal of Rural Studies, Volume 107, 2024, PP 1-18.
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2024.10324
